Definition

Noun: A principle in genetics stating that during gamete formation, the segregation of alleles for one gene occurs independently of the segregation of alleles for another gene, provided the genes are located on different chromosomes or are far apart on the same chromosome. This results in a random combination of traits in the offspring.

Usage

This term is used in the context of Mendelian genetics to describe one of the fundamental principles governing inheritance patterns. - The law of independent assortment explains why offspring can exhibit combinations of traits not seen in either parent. - When solving genetics problems, you must first determine if the genes follow the law of independent assortment or if they are linked.

Examples

Advanced Usage

• "To obey/follow the law of independent assortment": Used to describe genes that segregate independently.
  • These two genes are on different chromosomes, so they follow the law of independent assortment.
• "To violate/contradict the law of independent assortment": Used when genes are linked, meaning they are located close together on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together.
  • Genetic linkage causes certain gene combinations to violate the law of independent assortment.

Variants and Related Words

• Independent Assortment (n): The process or phenomenon itself, often used interchangeably with the full term "law of independent assortment."
  • The principle of independent assortment increases genetic diversity.
• Mendel's Second Law: A common synonym for the law of independent assortment.

Synonyms

• Mendel's Second Law
• Principle of Independent Assortment

Related Concepts (Not Phrasal Verbs or Idioms)

• Segregation (Mendel's First Law): The principle that allele pairs separate during gamete formation.
• Genetic Linkage: The tendency of genes located close together on a chromosome to be inherited together, which is an exception to independent assortment.
• Dihybrid Cross: A breeding experiment used to study the inheritance of two traits simultaneously, which demonstrates independent assortment.

Noun

1. each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the members of other pairs so the results are random